氫能是一種來源豐富、綠色低碳、應用廣泛的二次能源，正逐 步成為全球能源轉型發展的重要載體之一。為助力實現碳達峰、碳中和目標，深入推進能源生產和消費革命，構建清潔低碳、安全高效的能源體系，促進氫能產業高質量發展，根據《中華人民共和國國民經濟和社會發展第十四個五年規劃和2035年遠景目標綱要》，編制本規劃。規劃期限為 2021-2035 年。

　　1、現狀與形勢

　　當今世界正(zheng)經歷(li)(li)百(bai)年未有(you)(you)之大(da)(da)(da)(da)變局(ju)，新一(yi)輪(lun)科技革命和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)變革同(tong)(tong)我(wo)(wo)國經濟高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)求形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)歷(li)(li)史性交匯。以燃料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)為代表的(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)開發(fa)(fa)利(li)用技術(shu)取得重大(da)(da)(da)(da)突破(po)，為實現零排(pai)放的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用提(ti)供(gong)重要(yao)解(jie)決方案，需要(yao)牢(lao)牢(lao)把握全(quan)球能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)變革發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)勢(shi)(shi)和(he)機(ji)遇(yu)，加快(kuai) 培育發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，加速(su)推進我(wo)(wo)國能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)清(qing)潔(jie)低碳轉型。從(cong)國際看，全(quan)球主要(yao)發(fa)(fa)達國家(jia)(jia)高(gao)度重視氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)已成(cheng)(cheng)為加快(kuai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉型升(sheng)級、培育經濟新增長(chang)(chang)點的(de)(de)重要(yao)戰(zhan)略選擇。全(quan)球 氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)關(guan)鍵核(he)心技術(shu)趨于(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟，燃料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)出貨量(liang)快(kuai)速(su)增長(chang)(chang)、成(cheng)(cheng)本持續下降，氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)基礎(chu)設(she)施建設(she)明顯提(ti)速(su)，區域性氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供(gong)應網絡正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)。從(cong)國內看，我(wo)(wo)國是世界上最大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)國，年制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)約(yue)3300萬噸，其中(zhong)，達到工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)氫(qing)(qing)氣質量(liang)標準的(de)(de)約(yue)1200萬噸。可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan) 2 裝機(ji)量(liang)全(quan)球第(di)一(yi)，在(zai)(zai)清(qing)潔(jie)低碳的(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供(gong)給上具有(you)(you)巨大(da)(da)(da)(da)潛(qian)力。國內氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)呈現積極(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)態勢(shi)(shi)，已初步(bu)掌(zhang)握氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)制(zhi)備、儲運、加氫(qing)(qing)、燃 料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)和(he)系統集成(cheng)(cheng)等主要(yao)技術(shu)和(he)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝，在(zai)(zai)部分區域實現燃料(liao)電(dian) 池(chi)汽(qi)車小規模示范應用。全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)規模以上工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)超(chao)過300家(jia)(jia)，集中(zhong)分布在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)三角(jiao)、粵(yue)港澳大(da)(da)(da)(da)灣區、京津冀等區域。 但總體(ti)看，我(wo)(wo)國氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)仍處于(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)初期(qi)，相較于(yu)(yu)國際先進水平，仍存(cun)在(zai)(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)創新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力不強、技術(shu)裝備水平不高(gao)，支撐(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 的(de)(de)基礎(chu)性制(zhi)度滯后，產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)形(xing)(xing)態和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)路徑尚需進一(yi)步(bu)探索等問 題(ti)和(he)挑戰(zhan)。同(tong)(tong)時，一(yi)些地(di)方盲目(mu)跟風、同(tong)(tong)質化競爭、低水平建設(she)的(de)(de)苗頭(tou)有(you)(you)所顯現。面(mian)對新形(xing)(xing)勢(shi)(shi)、新機(ji)遇(yu)、新挑戰(zhan)，亟需加強頂(ding)層(ceng)設(she)計 和(he)統籌(chou)謀劃，進一(yi)步(bu)提(ti)升(sheng)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)創新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力，不斷(duan)拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)市場(chang)應用新 空間，引導(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)健(jian)康有(you)(you)序發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

　　2、戰略定位

　　氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是未(wei)來(lai)國家能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)重要組成部分(fen)。充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)為 可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源規模(mo)化高(gao)效利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)重要載體(ti)(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)及其大規模(mo)、長(chang)(chang)周期儲 能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)優勢(shi)，促進異質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源跨地域和(he)跨季節優化配置，推動(dong)氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、電能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系(xi)統(tong)融合，促進形成多元互補融合的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源供(gong)(gong)應(ying)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)終端(duan)實(shi)現(xian)綠(lv)色低碳轉(zhuan)型的(de)(de)(de)重要載體(ti)(ti)。以綠(lv)色低碳為 方(fang)針(zhen)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)色供(gong)(gong)應(ying)，營造(zao)(zao)形式多樣的(de)(de)(de)氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)消費生態，提升我國能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源安全水平。發(fa)揮氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對碳達峰、碳中和(he)目標的(de)(de)(de)支撐(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)， 深(shen)挖跨界應(ying)用(yong)潛力，因地制宜引導多元應(ying)用(yong)，推動(dong)交通、工業等用(yong) 能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)終端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消費轉(zhuan)型和(he)高(gao)耗能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、高(gao)排(pai)放(fang)行(xing)業綠(lv)色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，減少溫室 3 氣體(ti)(ti)排(pai)放(fang)。 氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業是戰略性新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)業和(he)未(wei)來(lai)產(chan)(chan)業重點發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)向。以科(ke)技 自(zi)立自(zi)強為引領，緊(jin)扣全球新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)一輪科(ke)技革(ge)命和(he)產(chan)(chan)業變(bian)革(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)建設，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)突(tu)破(po)氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)核心技術(shu)和(he)關鍵材料瓶 頸，加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)產(chan)(chan)業升級壯(zhuang)大，實(shi)現(xian)產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)良(liang)性循環(huan)和(he)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。踐(jian)行(xing)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)，促進氫能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)裝(zhuang)備取得突(tu)破(po)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)培育新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)品、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)業態、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)模(mo)式，構建綠(lv)色低碳產(chan)(chan)業體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，打(da)造(zao)(zao)產(chan)(chan)業轉(zhuan)型升級的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增長(chang)(chang)點，為經(jing)濟高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)注入新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。

　　3、總體要求

　　（一）指導思想

　　以(yi)(yi)習近平新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社會主義思想為(wei)(wei)指導，全面貫徹(che)落實黨(dang)的十九大和十九屆(jie)歷次全會精(jing)神，弘揚偉大建黨(dang)精(jing)神，立足新(xin)發(fa) 展(zhan)階(jie)段，完(wan)整(zheng)準確全面貫徹(che)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)理念，構建新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)格局，以(yi)(yi)推動 高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)(wei)主題，以(yi)(yi)深化(hua)供給側結構性(xing)改革(ge)為(wei)(wei)主線，緊(jin)扣實現碳達峰、碳中(zhong)(zhong)和目標，貫徹(che)“四個(ge)革(ge)命、一個(ge)合作”能(neng)源(yuan)安全新(xin)戰略，著眼搶占未(wei)來產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)先機，統籌氫能(neng)產業(ye)布局，提升(sheng)創新(xin)能(neng)力(li)， 完(wan)善(shan)管理體系，規范(fan)有序發(fa)展(zhan)，提高(gao)氫能(neng)在能(neng)源(yuan)消費結構中(zhong)(zhong)的比重(zhong)， 為(wei)(wei)構建清潔低碳、安全高(gao)效的能(neng)源(yuan)體系提供有力(li)支撐(cheng)。

　　（二）基本原則

　　創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)引(yin)(yin)領(ling)(ling)，自立自強(qiang)。堅(jian)持創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)驅動發展(zhan)，加(jia)快氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)體(ti)(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設，以(yi)需求(qiu)為(wei)導向，帶動產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、應用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)和商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模式創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。集中突破氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)瓶頸(jing)，建(jian)(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)裝備體(ti)(ti)系，增強(qiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)4業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)供應鏈(lian)穩定(ding)性和競爭力(li)。充分利用(yong)(yong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)資源，積(ji)極參(can)與(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)球(qiu)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)合(he)(he)作(zuo)。安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)為(wei)先(xian)，清(qing)潔低碳。把安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)作(zuo)為(wei)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)內在(zai)要求(qiu)，建(jian)(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和標準規(gui)范(fan)，強(qiang)化(hua)對(dui)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)制(zhi)(zhi)、儲(chu)、輸、加(jia)、用(yong)(yong)等全(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)重(zhong)大安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)風險的(de)預(yu)防和管(guan)控，提升全(quan)(quan)(quan)過程安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan) 理(li)水平(ping)，確保氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)利用(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)可控。構(gou)建(jian)(jian)清(qing)潔化(hua)、低碳化(hua)、低成本(ben)的(de)多元制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)體(ti)(ti)系，重(zhong)點發展(zhan)可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)，嚴格控制(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)。市(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)導，政府引(yin)(yin)導。發揮(hui)市(shi)場(chang)在(zai)資源配(pei)置中的(de)決定(ding)性作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，突出企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)地位(wei)，加(jia)強(qiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)學研用(yong)(yong)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)合(he)(he)，著力(li)提高氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)經濟性，積(ji)極探索氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)利用(yong)(yong)的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)路(lu)徑(jing)。更(geng)好發揮(hui)政府作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，完善產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)基礎性制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)系，強(qiang)化(hua)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國一(yi)盤棋，科學優化(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布(bu)(bu)局(ju)，引(yin)(yin)導產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)范(fan)發展(zhan)。穩慎應用(yong)(yong)，示(shi)范(fan)先(xian)行。積(ji)極發揮(hui)規(gui)劃引(yin)(yin)導和政策激勵(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，統 籌(chou)考慮(lv)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供應能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎和市(shi)場(chang)空間，與(yu)技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)水平(ping)相適 應，有序開(kai)展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應用(yong)(yong)示(shi)范(fan)，避免一(yi)些地方盲目布(bu)(bu) 局(ju)、一(yi)擁而上。堅(jian)持點線結合(he)(he)、以(yi)點帶面，因地制(zhi)(zhi)宜拓展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)應用(yong)(yong)場(chang)景，穩慎推(tui)動氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)交通、儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、發電(dian)、工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等領(ling)(ling)域的(de)多元應用(yong)(yong)。

　　（三）發展目標

　　到2025年，形(xing)(xing)成較(jiao)(jiao)為完(wan)(wan)善的(de)(de)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)制(zhi)(zhi)度政(zheng)策(ce)環(huan)境，產業(ye)(ye)創新能(neng)(neng)力顯(xian)著提高，基本(ben)掌(zhang)握核(he)心技(ji)術和(he)制(zhi)(zhi)造工(gong)藝，初步建立(li)較(jiao)(jiao)為完(wan)(wan)整的(de)(de)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈和(he)產業(ye)(ye)體系。氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)示范應(ying)(ying)用(yong)取得(de)明(ming)顯(xian)成效，清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)及氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)儲運技(ji)術取得(de)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)進展(zhan)，市場競爭力大(da)幅(fu)提升，初步5建立(li)以(yi)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)副產氫(qing)和(he)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)就近(jin)利用(yong)為主(zhu)的(de)(de)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)體 系。燃料(liao)電池車輛(liang)保有量(liang)約(yue)5萬輛(liang)，部署建設一批加氫(qing)站。可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)量(liang)達(da)到10-20萬噸(dun)/年，成為新增氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)消費的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組成部分，實(shi)(shi)現二氧化(hua)碳減(jian)排100-200萬噸(dun)/年。再(zai)(zai)經過5年的(de)(de)發展(zhan)，到2030年，形(xing)(xing)成較(jiao)(jiao)為完(wan)(wan)備的(de)(de)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)技(ji) 術創新體系、清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)及供(gong)應(ying)(ying)體系，產業(ye)(ye)布(bu)局合理有序，可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)，有力支撐碳達(da)峰目(mu)標實(shi)(shi)現。到2035年，形(xing)(xing)成氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)體系，構建涵(han)蓋交通、儲能(neng)(neng)、工(gong)業(ye)(ye) 等領域的(de)(de)多元(yuan)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)生態。可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)在終端能(neng)(neng)源消費中的(de)(de) 比(bi)重明(ming)顯(xian)提升，對能(neng)(neng)源綠色(se)轉型發展(zhan)起到重要(yao)(yao)支撐作(zuo)用(yong)。

　　4、系統構建支撐(cheng)氫能(neng)產業高質(zhi)量發展創新(xin)體系

　　繞氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)高(gao)質量發(fa)展重大需求，準確(que)把握氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)發(fa)展方向，聚(ju)焦短(duan)板(ban)弱(ruo)項(xiang)，適度超前部署一(yi)批氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)項(xiang)目，持(chi)續加強基礎(chu)研究、關(guan)鍵技術(shu)(shu)和顛覆(fu)性(xing)技術(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)，建立完善(shan)更加協同高(gao)效的創(chuang)新(xin)體系，不斷提升氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)(ye)競爭力(li)和創(chuang)新(xin)力(li)。

　　（一）持(chi)續(xu)提(ti)(ti)升關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)核心(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)水平(ping) 加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)質(zhi)子交換膜燃料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)，開(kai)發(fa)關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)材料(liao)(liao)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao) 主要性(xing)能(neng)(neng)指標和批量化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)力，持(chi)續(xu)提(ti)(ti)升燃料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)可靠性(xing)、穩定 性(xing)、耐久(jiu)性(xing)。支持(chi)新(xin)型(xing)燃料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)等技術(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)展。著力推(tui)進(jin)(jin)核心(xin)(xin)零(ling)部件 以及關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)裝備研發(fa)制造。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源制氫(qing)(qing)轉化效率和單臺(tai) 裝置制氫(qing)(qing)規模，突(tu)破氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)基礎設施環(huan)節關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)核心(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)。開(kai)發(fa)臨氫(qing)(qing)設 備關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)影響(xiang)因素監(jian)測(ce)與測(ce)試技術(shu)(shu)(shu)，加(jia)(jia)大制、儲、輸、用氫(qing)(qing)全鏈(lian)條安(an)6全技術(shu)(shu)(shu)開(kai)發(fa)應用。 持(chi)續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠色(se)低(di)(di)碳氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)制取、儲存、運輸和應用等各環(huan)節關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian) 核心(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)。持(chi)續(xu)開(kai)展光(guang)解水制氫(qing)(qing)、氫(qing)(qing)脆失效、低(di)(di)溫吸附、泄漏/擴散/燃爆等氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)科學機理，以及氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)安(an)全基礎規律研究。持(chi)續(xu)推(tui)動氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)先進(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)、關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)設備、重大產(chan)(chan)品示范(fan)應用和產(chan)(chan)業化發(fa)展，構建氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展技術(shu)(shu)(shu)體系。

　　（二）著力打造產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)支(zhi)撐平臺(tai) 聚(ju)焦氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)和關鍵(jian)環節，構(gou)建(jian)(jian)多(duo)(duo)層次、多(duo)(duo)元化創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)平臺(tai)， 加快集聚(ju)人才、技術(shu)(shu)、資金等創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)要素(su)。支(zhi)持高校、科研院所、企(qi)(qi) 業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)加快建(jian)(jian)設重(zhong)點(dian)實驗室、前(qian)沿交(jiao)叉研究平臺(tai)，開展氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)應(ying)用(yong)基礎研究和前(qian)沿技術(shu)(shu)研究。依托龍頭(tou)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)整合(he)(he)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)優質(zhi)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)資源，布(bu)局產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、工程研究中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、技術(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)等創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)平臺(tai)，構(gou)建(jian)(jian)高效協作創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)網絡(luo)，支(zhi)撐行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)關鍵(jian)技術(shu)(shu)開發和工程化應(ying)用(yong)。鼓勵行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)優勢企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、服務(wu)機(ji)構(gou)，牽頭(tou)搭建(jian)(jian)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)權運營中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)品檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測及認證綜合(he)(he)服務(wu)、廢棄氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)品回收處理、氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)安(an)全戰(zhan)略聯盟等支(zhi)撐平臺(tai)，結合(he)(he)專利導(dao)航等工作服務(wu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)發展。支(zhi)持“專精特新(xin)(xin)”中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)參與氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)關鍵(jian)共性技 術(shu)(shu)研發，培育(yu)一批自主創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)力強(qiang)的單項冠(guan)軍(jun)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，促進大(da)中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)協同創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)融通發展。

　　（三）推(tui)動建設(she)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)專業人才(cai)隊(dui)伍以氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)技術創(chuang)(chuang)新需求為導向(xiang)，支持引進(jin)和(he)培(pei)(pei)育高端人才(cai)，提升 氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)基(ji)礎前沿技術研(yan)發(fa)能(neng)(neng)力。加快培(pei)(pei)育氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)技術及裝備專業人才(cai)隊(dui)7伍，夯實氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業發(fa)展的創(chuang)(chuang)新基(ji)礎。建立(li)健全(quan)人才(cai)培(pei)(pei)養培(pei)(pei)訓機制，加快推(tui)進(jin)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)相關(guan)學科專業建設(she)，壯大氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)創(chuang)(chuang)新研(yan)發(fa)人才(cai)群體(ti)。鼓勵職業院校（含(han)技工(gong)院校）開(kai)設(she)相關(guan)專業，培(pei)(pei)育高素(su)質(zhi)技術技能(neng)(neng)人才(cai)及其他(ta)從(cong)業人員。

　　（四(si)）積極開(kai)展(zhan)氫能(neng)(neng)技術創新(xin)國際合(he)作 鼓勵開(kai)展(zhan)氫能(neng)(neng)科學和(he)(he)技術國際聯合(he)研發，推動氫能(neng)(neng)全產(chan)業鏈(lian)關鍵核心技術、材(cai)料和(he)(he)裝備創新(xin)合(he)作，積極構建國際氫能(neng)(neng)創新(xin)鏈(lian)、產(chan)業鏈(lian)。積極參與國際氫能(neng)(neng)標準(zhun)化(hua)活動。堅持共(gong)(gong)商共(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)原則，探索與共(gong)(gong)建“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”國家開(kai)展(zhan)氫能(neng)(neng)貿(mao)易(yi)、基礎設施建設、產(chan)品開(kai)發等合(he)作。加強與氫能(neng)(neng)技術領先的國家和(he)(he)地(di)區開(kai)展(zhan)項(xiang)目合(he)作，共(gong)(gong)同開(kai)拓第三方國際市場。

　　5、統籌推進氫能基(ji)礎設施建設

　　統籌全(quan)國(guo)氫能(neng)產業布(bu)局，合(he)理(li)把握產業發展(zhan)進度，避(bi)免無序(xu)競 爭，有序(xu)推(tui)進氫能(neng)基(ji)礎設施建設，強化氫能(neng)基(ji)礎設施安全(quan)管(guan)理(li)，加快(kuai)構建安全(quan)、穩定、高(gao)效的氫能(neng)供應網(wang)絡。

　　（一）合理布局制氫設施

　　結合(he)資源稟賦特點和(he)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)布(bu)局(ju)，因(yin)地(di)(di)制(zhi)宜(yi)選擇(ze)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)技術路線，逐步(bu)推(tui)動構(gou)建清潔化(hua)、低碳化(hua)、低成(cheng)本的(de)(de)多元制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)體(ti)系(xi)。在(zai)焦化(hua)、 氯堿、丙烷脫氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)等行業(ye)集聚地(di)(di)區，優先(xian)利用工業(ye)副產(chan)(chan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)，鼓勵就近 消納，降低工業(ye)副產(chan)(chan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)供給成(cheng)本。在(zai)風光(guang)水(shui)電(dian)資源豐富地(di)(di)區，開展(zhan) 可(ke)再生能源制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)示(shi)范，逐步(bu)擴大(da)示(shi)范規模，探索季(ji)節(jie)性儲能和(he)電(dian)網 調峰。推(tui)進固(gu)體(ti)氧化(hua)物電(dian)解(jie)池制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、光(guang)解(jie)水(shui)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、海水(shui)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、核能 8 高溫(wen)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)等技術研發。探索在(zai)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能應用規模較大(da)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)區設立制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)基地(di)(di)。

　　（二）穩步構建儲運(yun)體系

　　以(yi)安全可(ke)控(kong)為前提，積極推(tui)進技術(shu)材料工(gong)藝創新(xin)，支持開展多 種儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)方(fang)式的(de)探(tan)索(suo)和實踐(jian)。提高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)氣(qi)態儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)效(xiao)率(lv)，加快降低(di)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun) 成本(ben)，有(you)效(xiao)提升高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)氣(qi)態儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)商(shang)業化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平。推(tui)動低(di)溫(wen)液氫儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)產業 化(hua)(hua)(hua)應用，探(tan)索(suo)固態、深冷高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)、有(you)機液體等儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)方(fang)式應用。開展摻(chan) 氫天(tian)然氣(qi)管(guan)道、純氫管(guan)道等試點示范。逐步(bu)構(gou)建(jian)高(gao)(gao)密度、輕量化(hua)(hua)(hua)、 低(di)成本(ben)、多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)氫能儲(chu)(chu)(chu)運(yun)(yun)體系。

　　（三(san)）統籌規(gui)劃加氫網絡

　　堅(jian)持(chi)需(xu)求導向，統籌(chou)布局建設(she)加氫(qing)站，有序(xu)推進加氫(qing)網絡體系 建設(she)。堅(jian)持(chi)安全(quan)為先，節約集約利用土地資源，支持(chi)依法依規利用 現有加油加氣站的(de)場地設(she)施改擴建加氫(qing)站。探索站內制氫(qing)、儲氫(qing)和 加氫(qing)一體化的(de)加氫(qing)站等新(xin)模(mo)式。

　　6、穩步推(tui)進氫能(neng)多元化示范應用

　　堅持以(yi)市(shi)場應(ying)用(yong)(yong)為牽(qian)引，合(he)理布(bu)局、把握節(jie)奏，有(you)序推進氫(qing)能 在(zai)交通(tong)領(ling)域(yu)的示范應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，拓展(zhan)在(zai)儲能、分布(bu)式發電、工業等領(ling)域(yu)的 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，推動規模化發展(zhan)，加(jia)快探索(suo)形(xing)成有(you)效的氫(qing)能產業發展(zhan)的商業化路徑。

　　（一）有序推進交通領域示范應用

　　立(li)足本地(di)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)供應(ying)能(neng)(neng)力、產業環境和(he)市場空間等基礎條件，結 合道(dao)路運輸行業發展(zhan)特點，重(zhong)點推(tui)進氫(qing)(qing)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池中(zhong)重(zhong)型車輛應(ying)用，有(you)序拓(tuo)展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池等新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源客(ke)、貨(huo)汽(qi)車市場應(ying)用空間，逐步建立(li) 燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池電(dian)動汽(qi)車與鋰電(dian)池純電(dian)動汽(qi)車的互補(bu)發展(zhan)模式。積極(ji)探索(suo) 燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)池在船舶、航空器等領域的應(ying)用，推(tui)動大型氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)航空器研發，不斷提升交通領域氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)應(ying)用市場規模。

　　（二）積極開展儲能領域示范(fan)應用

　　發揮(hui)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)周期長、儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)容量大的(de)(de)優勢，開展氫(qing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)、電(dian)(dian)網調(diao)(diao)峰等應(ying)用(yong)(yong)場(chang)景(jing)的(de)(de)示范，探(tan)索(suo)培育“風光發電(dian)(dian)+氫(qing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”一體(ti)化應(ying)用(yong)(yong)新模(mo)式，逐步形成抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、電(dian)(dian)化學儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、氫(qing) 儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等多種(zhong)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術相互(hu)(hu)融合的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力系統儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)體(ti)系。探(tan)索(suo)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)跨能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng) 源(yuan)網絡協同優化潛力，促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、燃料等異質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)之間(jian)的(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)聯互(hu)(hu)通。

　　（三(san)）合理布局發電(dian)領域多(duo)元應用

　　根據各(ge)地(di)既有能源基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)條(tiao)件和經(jing)濟承受能力，因地(di)制宜布(bu)局(ju)氫(qing)燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯供設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)，推動在社區、園區、礦區、港口(kou)等(deng)區域內(nei)開展(zhan)氫(qing)能源綜(zong)合利用示范。依托通(tong)信基(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)、數(shu)據中心、鐵路通(tong)信站(zhan)(zhan)點、電(dian)(dian)(dian)網變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)等(deng)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)工程建設(she)(she)，推動氫(qing)燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)源領域的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)應用。在可再生能源基(ji)地(di)，探索以燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)為基(ji)礎的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)調峰(feng)技術(shu)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)與示范。結合偏遠地(di)區、海島等(deng)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)需 求(qiu)，開展(zhan)燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)示范應用。

　　（四）逐步探(tan)索工業領域替代(dai)應用(yong)

　　不(bu)斷提(ti)升氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)利用(yong)(yong)經濟性(xing)，拓展(zhan)(zhan)清潔(jie)低(di)碳(tan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)行業(ye)替代的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)空間。開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)以氫(qing)(qing)(qing)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)還原劑的(de)(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)冶(ye)金(jin)技術(shu)研(yan)發(fa)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。探(tan)索(suo)(suo)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)10能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在工(gong)(gong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)高品質熱源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。擴大工(gong)(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替代化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)規模，積(ji)極引導合(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)氨(an)、合(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、煉化(hua)(hua)、煤制(zhi)油氣(qi)等(deng) 行業(ye)由高碳(tan)工(gong)(gong)藝向低(di)碳(tan)工(gong)(gong)藝轉變，促(cu)進高耗能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)行業(ye)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。專欄“十四五”時期(qi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)創新(xin)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)交通(tong)(tong)在礦區(qu)(qu)、港口、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)園區(qu)(qu)等(deng)運(yun)(yun)營強度大、行駛線路固定區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)開(kai)(kai) 展(zhan)(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)貨(huo)車(che)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)及70MPa 儲氫(qing)(qing)(qing)瓶車(che)輛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)驗證。在有條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方，可(ke)在城市(shi)公交車(che)、物(wu)流配送車(che)、環衛車(che)等(deng)公共(gong)服務(wu)(wu) 領(ling)域(yu)(yu)，試(shi)點應(ying)用(yong)(yong)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)商用(yong)(yong)車(che)。結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)重點區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環保需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)力基礎設施條(tiao)件，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在 船舶、航空器等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)重點在可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)富集(ji)、氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)大的(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)集(ji)中式(shi)可(ke)再 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與波(bo)動性(xing)可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)協同運(yun)(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)商 業(ye)化(hua)(hua)運(yun)(yun)營模式(shi)。鼓勵(li)在燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)汽車(che)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)線路等(deng)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)集(ji)中區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)，布(bu)局基于分布(bu) 式(shi)可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或電(dian)(dian)(dian)網低(di)谷(gu)負荷的(de)(de)(de)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)/加氫(qing)(qing)(qing)一體站(zhan)(zhan)，充分利用(yong)(yong)站(zhan)(zhan)內(nei)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu) 成(cheng)本低(di)的(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)，推(tui)動氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)分布(bu)式(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和就近利用(yong)(yong)。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)增量(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)改(gai)革和綜合(he)(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)服務(wu)(wu)試(shi)點，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，推(tui)動燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯供應(ying)用(yong)(yong)實(shi)踐。 鼓勵(li)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)新(xin)建和改(gai)造通(tong)(tong)訊基站(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)基站(zhan)(zhan)備用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian) 源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，并逐步在金(jin)融(rong)、醫院(yuan)、學校、商業(ye)、工(gong)(gong)礦企業(ye)等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)引入氫(qing)(qing)(qing) 燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。 工(gong)(gong)業(ye) 結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)國內(nei)冶(ye)金(jin)和化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)行業(ye)市(shi)場(chang)環境和產(chan)(chan)業(ye)基礎，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)冶(ye)金(jin)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying) 用(yong)(yong)，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)在合(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)氨(an)、甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、煉化(hua)(hua)、煤制(zhi)油氣(qi)等(deng)行業(ye)替 代化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。

　　7、加快完善氫能(neng)發展(zhan)政(zheng)策和制度保障(zhang)體系

　　牢(lao)固樹(shu)立安全底(di)線(xian)，完善標準(zhun)規范體(ti)系，加強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)創新供(gong)給，著力破除制(zhi)(zhi)約產業發展的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)性(xing)障礙和政策性(xing)瓶頸，不(bu)斷夯實產業 發展制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)基(ji)礎，保障氫(qing)能產業創新可持續發展。

　　（一）建立(li)健全氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)政策體系11制(zhi)定(ding)完善(shan)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)有(you)關政策，規范氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)制(zhi)備、儲(chu)運(yun)和加(jia)(jia)注(zhu)等環(huan)節(jie)建設管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)程序(xu)，落實安(an)全監管(guan)(guan)(guan)責任(ren)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)產業發(fa)展和投資引導，推動(dong)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)規模(mo)化(hua)應(ying)用，促進氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)生產和消費，為能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)綠色轉型提(ti)供支(zhi)撐。完善(shan)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)基礎設施建設運(yun)營有(you)關規定(ding)，注(zhu)重在(zai)建設要求、審批(pi)流程和監管(guan)(guan)(guan)方式等方面強(qiang)化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，提(ti)升(sheng)安(an)全運(yun)營水平(ping)。研究探(tan)(tan)索可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)電制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)支(zhi)持性電價(jia)政策，完善(shan)可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)市場(chang)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)，健全覆(fu)蓋氫(qing)(qing)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)的儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)價(jia)格機(ji)制(zhi)，探(tan)(tan)索氫(qing)(qing)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)直接參與電力市場(chang)交(jiao)易。

　　（二）建(jian)立完善(shan)氫(qing)(qing)能產業標(biao)(biao)準體(ti)系(xi)(xi)推動完善(shan)氫(qing)(qing)能制(zhi)(zhi)、儲、輸、用標(biao)(biao)準體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，重點圍繞建(jian)立健全(quan)氫(qing)(qing)能質(zhi)量、氫(qing)(qing)安(an)全(quan)等(deng)(deng)基(ji)礎(chu)標(biao)(biao)準，制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)、儲運氫(qing)(qing)裝(zhuang)置、加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)站等(deng)(deng)基(ji)礎(chu)設 施標(biao)(biao)準，交通(tong)、儲能等(deng)(deng)氫(qing)(qing)能應(ying)用標(biao)(biao)準，增加(jia)標(biao)(biao)準有效(xiao)供給(gei)。鼓勵龍頭企業積極(ji)參與各類標(biao)(biao)準研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)工作，支持有條件的社(she)會(hui)團(tuan)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)發布相關標(biao)(biao)準。在政策制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)、政府采(cai)(cai)購、招(zhao)投標(biao)(biao)等(deng)(deng)活動中(zhong)，嚴格執(zhi)行 強制(zhi)(zhi)性標(biao)(biao)準，積極(ji)采(cai)(cai)用推薦性標(biao)(biao)準和(he)(he)國家有關規范。推進氫(qing)(qing)能產品(pin)檢驗檢測和(he)(he)認證(zheng)公共服(fu)務平臺(tai)建(jian)設，推動氫(qing)(qing)能產品(pin)質(zhi)量認證(zheng)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)設。

　　（三）加(jia)強全(quan)(quan)(quan)鏈(lian)條安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管加(jia)強氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管理(li)制(zhi)度(du)和標準(zhun)研究，建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)業(ye)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)規范，強化安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管，落(luo)實企業(ye)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產(chan)主體責任(ren)和部門安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管責任(ren)，落(luo)實地方(fang)政(zheng)府氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展屬地管理(li)責任(ren)，提(ti)高(gao)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)水平。推動氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)關鍵(jian)核心技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)協同發(fa)展，加(jia)12強氫(qing)氣泄漏(lou)檢(jian)(jian)測報警(jing)以及(ji)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)相關特(te)種設備的(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗、檢(jian)(jian)測等先進技(ji)術(shu)(shu)研發(fa)。積極利用互聯網、大(da)數據、人工智能(neng)(neng)(neng)等先進技(ji)術(shu)(shu)手段，及(ji)時(shi)預警(jing)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)生產(chan)儲(chu)運裝置(zhi)、場所和應(ying)用終端的(de)泄漏(lou)、疲勞、爆燃等 風險狀態，有效提(ti)升事故(gu)預防能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。加(jia)強應(ying)急能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)設，研究制(zhi)定氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)突(tu)發(fa)事件處(chu)置(zhi)預案、處(chu)置(zhi)技(ji)戰術(shu)(shu)和作業(ye)規程，及(ji)時(shi)有效應(ying)對各類氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)風險。

　　七(qi)、組(zu)織(zhi)實施充(chong)分認識發展氫(qing)能產業的重要意義(yi)

　　把思(si)想、認識和(he)行動統一 到(dao)黨中央、國務院的決策(ce)部(bu)署(shu)上來，加強(qiang)組織(zhi)領導(dao)(dao)和(he)統籌協調，強(qiang)化政策(ce)引導(dao)(dao)和(he)支持，通過開(kai)展試(shi)點(dian)示(shi)范、宣傳(chuan)引導(dao)(dao)、督導(dao)(dao)評估等措 施，確保規劃目標和(he)重點(dian)任務落到(dao)實處。

　　（一）充分發揮統籌協(xie)調機制(zhi)作用建立(li)氫能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)發展(zhan)部際協(xie)調機制(zhi)，協(xie)調解決氫能(neng)(neng)發展(zhan)重大問題，研究制(zhi)定相關配(pei)套政策。強化規劃(hua)引導作用，推(tui)動地方結合自 身基(ji)礎條件理性(xing)布局(ju)氫能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)，實現產業(ye)健(jian)康有序和(he)集聚發展(zhan)。

　　（二）加快構(gou)建(jian)“1+N”政策體(ti)系(xi) 堅(jian)持以(yi)規劃(hua)為(wei)引領，聚焦氫(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)發展(zhan)的關鍵(jian)環(huan)節和(he)重大(da)問題，在氫(qing)能(neng)規范(fan)管理(li)、氫(qing)能(neng)基礎設施建(jian)設運營管理(li)、關鍵(jian)核心技術 裝(zhuang)備創新、氫(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)多元(yuan)應用(yong)試點示范(fan)、國家標準(zhun)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設等方面，制(zhi)定出臺相關政策，打(da)造氫(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)發展(zhan)“1+N”政策體(ti)系(xi)，有效發揮政策引導作用(yong)。

　　（三(san)）積極推(tui)動試點(dian)示范13深(shen)入貫徹(che)國家(jia)重大(da)區域發展戰略，不斷優(you)化產業空(kong)間(jian)布局，在供應潛力(li)大(da)、產業基礎實、市場空(kong)間(jian)足、商業化實踐經(jing)(jing)驗多的地(di)區穩步開(kai)展試點(dian)示范。支持試點(dian)示范地(di)區發揮自身優(you)勢，改(gai)革創新，探索氫能(neng)產業發展的多種路(lu)徑，在完善氫能(neng)政策體系、提升關鍵技(ji)術創新能(neng)力(li)等方(fang)面先行(xing)先試，形成可復制可推(tui)廣的經(jing)(jing)驗。建立事中事后監管和考核(he)機制，確保試點(dian)示范工作取得實效。

　　（四）強化(hua)(hua)(hua)財政(zheng)金(jin)融支持(chi)(chi)發(fa)揮好中央預算(suan)內投(tou)(tou)資引(yin)(yin)(yin)導作(zuo)用(yong)，支持(chi)(chi)氫(qing)能(neng)相關產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。加 強金(jin)融支持(chi)(chi)，鼓(gu)勵銀行業(ye)(ye)金(jin)融機構按(an)照(zhao)風險(xian)可控(kong)、商業(ye)(ye)可持(chi)(chi)續性原則(ze)支持(chi)(chi)氫(qing)能(neng)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)，運用(yong)科(ke)技化(hua)(hua)(hua)手(shou)段為優質企業(ye)(ye)提(ti)供精準化(hua)(hua)(hua)、差異化(hua)(hua)(hua)金(jin)融服務。鼓(gu)勵產業(ye)(ye)投(tou)(tou)資基金(jin)、創業(ye)(ye)投(tou)(tou)資基金(jin)等按(an)照(zhao)市場化(hua)(hua)(hua)原 則(ze)支持(chi)(chi)氫(qing)能(neng)創新型企業(ye)(ye)，促進科(ke)技成(cheng)果轉(zhuan)移(yi)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。支持(chi)(chi)符(fu)合條件的(de)氫(qing)能(neng)企業(ye)(ye)在科(ke)創板、創業(ye)(ye)板等注冊上市融資。 （五）深入開展(zhan)宣傳引(yin)(yin)(yin)導 開展(zhan)氫(qing)能(neng)制(zhi)、儲(chu)、輸(shu)、用(yong)的(de)安全(quan)法規和安全(quan)標(biao)準宣貫工作(zuo)，增(zeng) 強企業(ye)(ye)主體安全(quan)意識，筑牢(lao)氫(qing)能(neng)安全(quan)利用(yong)基礎。加強氫(qing)能(neng)科(ke)普宣傳， 注重(zhong)輿論引(yin)(yin)(yin)導，及時回應社會關切，推動形成(cheng)社會共識。

　　（六(liu)）做好規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)督導(dao)評估加強(qiang)對規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)施的跟蹤(zong)分析、督促指導(dao)，總結推廣先進(jin)經驗，適時(shi)組(zu)織開(kai)展(zhan)成(cheng)效(xiao)評估工作(zuo)，及時(shi)研究解決規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)施中出(chu)現(xian)的新情況、新問題。規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)施中期，根據技(ji)術進(jin)步、資(zi)源狀況和(he)發展(zhan)需(xu)要，結合規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)成(cheng)效(xiao)評估工作(zuo)，進(jin)一(yi)步優(you)化后續任(ren)務(wu)工作(zuo)方案。

　　來源：中國(guo)能源報(bao)2022-03-23 17:00